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Between 1988 and 2008, the number of people with intellectual and developmental disabilities living in residential settings with 6 or fewer residents increased from 78,173 to 321,025 (311%; see Table 1 and Figure 1). This growth was evident in every state, with every state but one reporting more than a 100% increase in persons living in settings of 6 or fewer residents.
In June 1988, persons living in places of 6 or fewer residents made up 29% of all residents. In June 2008, they were 73% of all residents. Although data were not available for 1988, in the 1998 to 2008 decade, persons living in places of 3 or fewer residents increased by an estimated 76,437 people (60%), so that by June 2008 they made up about 47% of all residential services recipients with intellectual and developmental disabilities.